. . "Additional risk factors associated with more aggressive forms of bladder cancer include neuropathic bladder and associated indwelling catheters;[25,26]Schistosoma haematobium bladder infections (Bilharzial bladder cancer);[27] exposure to the cancer chemotherapy agent cyclophosphamide [28,29] and perhaps other alkylating agents, such as ifosfamide (although the use of mesna in conjunction with the" . .