where; Y is a vector of trait observations, MEAN is the mean value, TRIAL is the fixed trial effect, RACE is the fixed race effect, RACE*TRIAL is the fixed race by trial interaction, REP(TRIAL) is the random replicate within trial effect, IBLOCK(REP) is the random incomplete block within replicate effect, PLOT(IBLOCK) is the random plot within incomplete block effect, ADD(RACE) is the random withi