There is also an Ovidian reference, as Jonathan Bate has noted: instead of the ??constant question?? (49) of ??formal rational discourse?? which Malvolio requested, he is offered ??a question that leads to the inconsistencies of Pythagorean metempsychosis,??32 a question, in other words, about a form of dualism, aptly posed to one who is ??sometimes . . . a kind of puritan . . . .