| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - As an optical modulation substance used for the present invention, a substance having a first optically stable state (which forms a bright state, for example) and a second optically stable state (which forms a dark state, for example) in response to an electric field to be given, that is, a substance having at least a bistable state with respect to its electric field, particularly a liquid crystal
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