| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - Cytokines may also play a role in the pathophysiology of TA-TMA. Cytokines produced by donor T cells make endothelial cells more susceptible to apoptosis or cell lysis mediated by perforin, granzyme B, or TNF.35 Smaller studies have identified elevated levels of circulating cytokines, including IL-8, IL-12, and thrombomodulin, during TA-TMA.21,40,41 The variable antigenicity of endothelial cells m
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