| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - Scheme 4 shows a general route used to make compounds of formula XXIII. For example, aromatic compound 19, where ???X??? is a leaving group, such as fluorine and ???E??? is an electron withdrawing group such as nitro, is converted to 20 by reaction with a range of nucleophiles, e.g. amines, alcohols, and thiols (where ???Z??? is oxygen, nitrogen (substituted or not), or sulfur).
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