| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - During abstinence, withdrawal symptoms such as depressed mood, insomnia, and irritability [30] are hypothesized to occur because target nAChRs are either no longer occupied by nicotine or change from the desensitized to the active state and become responsive to nicotine, once more causing a strong urge to resume smoking in order to alleviate these negative feelings [31]. 4.
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