| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - Although astrocytes are the main repository for glutamate and aspartate, activated microglia can release substantial amounts of these excitatory amino acids into the extraneuronal space.Normally, the brain contains barely detectable levels of proinflammatory cytokines and at these levels several, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1??), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and TNF-alpha, act as neurotropic substances
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