| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - Possible risk factors are heavy coffee consumption, bladder infection with schistosoma haematobium (a parasitic flatworm), treatment with chlornaphazine or cyclophosphamide (anti-cancer drugs), long-term use of pain killers containing phenacetin, urinary tract infections or low urine flow, dietary factors, tobacco use other than cigarettes, and genetic factors.
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