| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - Id. at 19. (3) Why PMA preemption is different from Bates v. Dow Agrosciences LLC, 544 U.S. 431 (2005) ??? because of the express safety and effectiveness determinations made by PMA. Riegel br. at 25-26. (4) Arguments that state law escapes preemption when it applies to things other than just devices incorrectly read the statute, are ???illogical??? in practice, and cannot be reconciled with Lohr.
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