| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for performing, by optical code division multiplex access (OCDMA), at least one of encoding and decoding of wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) light, comprising: an optical input/output section for handling input/output of the wavelength-division-multiplexed light; and N fiber gratings (where N is an integer equal to or greater
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