| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - The study is a variant of an incomplete paired comparison design [7,8].If the percentages of candidates who get an item correct or wrong on the first and second occasion are c1, w1 and c2, w2, then the change in performance of the item is:?? = (c2 - w2) - (c1 - w1)It should be noted that ?? is independent of the proportion of candidates choosing not to answer an item since those not answering are
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