| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#value | - A method for forming self-assembled colloidal photonic crystals, which comprises: depositing first and second conductive films separate from each other, on an area corresponding to a pattern of the self-assembled colloidal photonic crystals that are to be formed on a substrate and on another area except for the area corresponding to the pattern, respectively; and growing the photonic crystals on t
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